Keyboard.cc

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#include "Keyboard.hh"
#include "Keys.hh"
#include "DeviceConfig.hh"
#include "EventDistributor.hh"
#include "InputEventFactory.hh"
#include "MSXEventDistributor.hh"
#include "StateChangeDistributor.hh"
#include "MSXMotherBoard.hh"
#include "ReverseManager.hh"
#include "CommandController.hh"
#include "CommandException.hh"
#include "InputEvents.hh"
#include "StateChange.hh"
#include "TclArgParser.hh"
#include "utf8_checked.hh"
#include "checked_cast.hh"
#include "unreachable.hh"
#include "serialize.hh"
#include "serialize_stl.hh"
#include "serialize_meta.hh"
#include "openmsx.hh"
#include "outer.hh"
#include "stl.hh"
#include "view.hh"
#include <SDL.h>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <cassert>
#include <cstdarg>
 
using std::string;
using std::vector;
using std::shared_ptr;
using std::make_shared;
 
namespace openmsx {
 
static const int TRY_AGAIN = 0x80; // see pressAscii()
 
using KeyInfo = UnicodeKeymap::KeyInfo;
 
class KeyMatrixState final : public StateChange
{
public:
        KeyMatrixState() = default; // for serialize
        KeyMatrixState(EmuTime::param time_, byte row_, byte press_, byte release_)
                : StateChange(time_)
                , row(row_), press(press_), release(release_)
        {
                // disallow useless events
                assert((press != 0) || (release != 0));
                // avoid confusion about what happens when some bits are both
                // set and reset (in other words: don't rely on order of and-
                // and or-operations)
                assert((press & release) == 0);
        }
        byte getRow()     const { return row; }
        byte getPress()   const { return press; }
        byte getRelease() const { return release; }
 
        template<typename Archive> void serialize(Archive& ar, unsigned /*version*/)
        {
                ar.template serializeBase<StateChange>(*this);
                ar.serialize("row",     row,
                             "press",   press,
                             "release", release);
        }
private:
        byte row, press, release;
};
REGISTER_POLYMORPHIC_CLASS(StateChange, KeyMatrixState, "KeyMatrixState");
 
 
constexpr const char* const defaultKeymapForMatrix[] = {
        "int", // MATRIX_MSX
        "svi", // MATRIX_SVI
        "cvjoy", // MATRIX_CVJOY
};
 
constexpr std::array<KeyMatrixPosition, UnicodeKeymap::KeyInfo::NUM_MODIFIERS>
                modifierPosForMatrix[] = {
        { // MATRIX_MSX
                KeyMatrixPosition(6, 0), // SHIFT
                KeyMatrixPosition(6, 1), // CTRL
                KeyMatrixPosition(6, 2), // GRAPH
                KeyMatrixPosition(6, 3), // CAPS
                KeyMatrixPosition(6, 4), // CODE
        },
        { // MATRIX_SVI
                KeyMatrixPosition(6, 0), // SHIFT
                KeyMatrixPosition(6, 1), // CTRL
                KeyMatrixPosition(6, 2), // LGRAPH
                KeyMatrixPosition(8, 3), // CAPS
                KeyMatrixPosition(6, 3), // RGRAPH
        },
        { // MATRIX_CVJOY
        },
};
 
Keyboard::Keyboard(MSXMotherBoard& motherBoard,
                   Scheduler& scheduler_,
                   CommandController& commandController_,
                   EventDistributor& eventDistributor,
                   MSXEventDistributor& msxEventDistributor_,
                   StateChangeDistributor& stateChangeDistributor_,
                   MatrixType matrix,
                   const DeviceConfig& config)
        : commandController(commandController_)
        , msxEventDistributor(msxEventDistributor_)
        , stateChangeDistributor(stateChangeDistributor_)
        , keyTab(keyTabs[matrix])
        , modifierPos(modifierPosForMatrix[matrix])
        , keyMatrixUpCmd  (commandController, stateChangeDistributor, scheduler_)
        , keyMatrixDownCmd(commandController, stateChangeDistributor, scheduler_)
        , keyTypeCmd      (commandController, stateChangeDistributor, scheduler_)
        , capsLockAligner(eventDistributor, scheduler_)
        , keyboardSettings(commandController)
        , msxKeyEventQueue(scheduler_, commandController.getInterpreter())
        , keybDebuggable(motherBoard)
        , unicodeKeymap(config.getChildData(
                "keyboard_type", defaultKeymapForMatrix[matrix]))
        , hasKeypad(config.getChildDataAsBool("has_keypad", true))
        , blockRow11(matrix == MATRIX_MSX
                && !config.getChildDataAsBool("has_yesno_keys", false))
        , keyGhosting(config.getChildDataAsBool("key_ghosting", true))
        , keyGhostingSGCprotected(config.getChildDataAsBool(
                "key_ghosting_sgc_protected", true))
        , modifierIsLock(KeyInfo::CAPS_MASK
                | (config.getChildDataAsBool("code_kana_locks", false) ? KeyInfo::CODE_MASK : 0)
                | (config.getChildDataAsBool("graph_locks", false) ? KeyInfo::GRAPH_MASK : 0))
        , locksOn(0)
{
        keysChanged = false;
        msxmodifiers = 0xff;
        ranges::fill(keyMatrix,     255);
        ranges::fill(cmdKeyMatrix,  255);
        ranges::fill(typeKeyMatrix, 255);
        ranges::fill(userKeyMatrix, 255);
        ranges::fill(hostKeyMatrix, 255);
        ranges::fill(dynKeymap,       0);
 
        msxEventDistributor.registerEventListener(*this);
        stateChangeDistributor.registerListener(*this);
        // We do not listen for CONSOLE_OFF_EVENTS because rescanning the
        // keyboard can have unwanted side effects
 
        motherBoard.getReverseManager().registerKeyboard(*this);
}
 
Keyboard::~Keyboard()
{
        stateChangeDistributor.unregisterListener(*this);
        msxEventDistributor.unregisterEventListener(*this);
}
 
template<unsigned NUM_ROWS>
static void doKeyGhosting(byte (&matrix)[NUM_ROWS], bool protectRow6)
{
        // This routine enables keyghosting as seen on a real MSX
        //
        // If on a real MSX in the keyboardmatrix the
        // real buttons are pressed as in the left matrix
        //           then the matrix to the
        // 10111111  right will be read by   10110101
        // 11110101  because of the simple   10110101
        // 10111101  electrical connections  10110101
        //           that are established  by
        // the closed switches
        // However, some MSX models have protection against
        // key-ghosting for SHIFT, GRAPH and CODE keys
        // On those models, SHIFT, GRAPH and CODE are
        // connected to row 6 via a diode. It prevents that
        // SHIFT, GRAPH and CODE get ghosted to another
        // row.
        bool changedSomething;
        do {
                changedSomething = false;
                for (unsigned i = 0; i < NUM_ROWS - 1; i++) {
                        auto row1 = matrix[i];
                        for (unsigned j = i + 1; j < NUM_ROWS; j++) {
                                auto row2 = matrix[j];
                                if ((row1 != row2) && ((row1 | row2) != 0xff)) {
                                        auto rowIold = matrix[i];
                                        auto rowJold = matrix[j];
                                        // TODO: The shift/graph/code key ghosting protection
                                        //       implementation is only correct for MSX.
                                        if (protectRow6 && i == 6) {
                                                matrix[i] = row1 & row2;
                                                matrix[j] = (row1 | 0x15) & row2;
                                                row1 &= row2;
                                        } else if (protectRow6 && j == 6) {
                                                matrix[i] = row1 & (row2 | 0x15);
                                                matrix[j] = row1 & row2;
                                                row1 &= (row2 | 0x15);
                                        } else {
                                                // not same and some common zero's
                                                //  --> inherit other zero's
                                                auto newRow = row1 & row2;
                                                matrix[i] = newRow;
                                                matrix[j] = newRow;
                                                row1 = newRow;
                                        }
                                        if (rowIold != matrix[i] ||
                                            rowJold != matrix[j]) {
                                                changedSomething = true;
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                }
        } while (changedSomething);
}
 
const byte* Keyboard::getKeys() const
{
        if (keysChanged) {
                keysChanged = false;
                const auto* matrix = keyTypeCmd.isActive() ? typeKeyMatrix : userKeyMatrix;
                for (unsigned row = 0; row < KeyMatrixPosition::NUM_ROWS; ++row) {
                        keyMatrix[row] = cmdKeyMatrix[row] & matrix[row];
                }
                if (keyGhosting) {
                        doKeyGhosting(keyMatrix, keyGhostingSGCprotected);
                }
        }
        return keyMatrix;
}
 
void Keyboard::transferHostKeyMatrix(const Keyboard& source)
{
        // This mechanism exists to solve the following problem:
        //   - play a game where the spacebar is constantly pressed (e.g.
        //     Road Fighter)
        //   - go back in time (press the reverse hotkey) while keeping the
        //     spacebar pressed
        //   - interrupt replay by pressing the cursor keys, still while
        //     keeping spacebar pressed
        // At the moment replay is interrupted, we need to resynchronize the
        // msx keyboard with the host keyboard. In the past we assumed the host
        // keyboard had no keys pressed. But this is wrong in the above
        // scenario. Now we remember the state of the host keyboard and
        // transfer that to the new keyboard(s) that get created for reverese.
        // When replay is stopped we restore this host keyboard state, see
        // stopReplay().
 
        for (unsigned row = 0; row < KeyMatrixPosition::NUM_ROWS; ++row) {
                hostKeyMatrix[row] = source.hostKeyMatrix[row];
        }
}
 
/* Received an MSX event
 * Following events get processed:
 *  OPENMSX_KEY_DOWN_EVENT
 *  OPENMSX_KEY_UP_EVENT
 */
void Keyboard::signalMSXEvent(const shared_ptr<const Event>& event,
                              EmuTime::param time)
{
        EventType type = event->getType();
        if ((type == OPENMSX_KEY_DOWN_EVENT) ||
            (type == OPENMSX_KEY_UP_EVENT)) {
                // Ignore possible console on/off events:
                // we do not rescan the keyboard since this may lead to
                // an unwanted pressing of <return> in MSX after typing
                // "set console off" in the console.
                msxKeyEventQueue.process_asap(time, event);
        }
}
 
void Keyboard::signalStateChange(const shared_ptr<StateChange>& event)
{
        auto kms = dynamic_cast<KeyMatrixState*>(event.get());
        if (!kms) return;
 
        userKeyMatrix[kms->getRow()] &= ~kms->getPress();
        userKeyMatrix[kms->getRow()] |=  kms->getRelease();
        keysChanged = true; // do ghosting at next getKeys()
}
 
void Keyboard::stopReplay(EmuTime::param time)
{
        for (unsigned row = 0; row < KeyMatrixPosition::NUM_ROWS; ++row) {
                changeKeyMatrixEvent(time, row, hostKeyMatrix[row]);
        }
        msxmodifiers = 0xff;
        msxKeyEventQueue.clear();
        memset(dynKeymap, 0, sizeof(dynKeymap));
}
 
byte Keyboard::needsLockToggle(const UnicodeKeymap::KeyInfo& keyInfo) const
{
        return modifierIsLock
             & (locksOn ^ keyInfo.modmask)
             & unicodeKeymap.getRelevantMods(keyInfo);
}
 
void Keyboard::pressKeyMatrixEvent(EmuTime::param time, KeyMatrixPosition pos)
{
        if (!pos.isValid()) {
                // No such key.
                return;
        }
        auto row = pos.getRow();
        auto press = pos.getMask();
        if (((hostKeyMatrix[row] & press) == 0) &&
            ((userKeyMatrix[row] & press) == 0)) {
                // Won't have any effect, ignore.
                return;
        }
        changeKeyMatrixEvent(time, row, hostKeyMatrix[row] & ~press);
}
 
void Keyboard::releaseKeyMatrixEvent(EmuTime::param time, KeyMatrixPosition pos)
{
        if (!pos.isValid()) {
                // No such key.
                return;
        }
        auto row = pos.getRow();
        auto release = pos.getMask();
        if (((hostKeyMatrix[row] & release) == release) &&
            ((userKeyMatrix[row] & release) == release)) {
                // Won't have any effect, ignore.
                // Test scenario: during replay, exit the openmsx console with
                // the 'toggle console' command. The 'enter,release' event will
                // end up here. But it shouldn't stop replay.
                return;
        }
        changeKeyMatrixEvent(time, row, hostKeyMatrix[row] | release);
}
 
void Keyboard::changeKeyMatrixEvent(EmuTime::param time, byte row, byte newValue)
{
        // This method already updates hostKeyMatrix[],
        // userKeyMatrix[] will soon be updated via KeyMatrixState events.
        hostKeyMatrix[row] = newValue;
 
        byte diff = userKeyMatrix[row] ^ newValue;
        if (diff == 0) return;
        byte press   = userKeyMatrix[row] & diff;
        byte release = newValue           & diff;
        stateChangeDistributor.distributeNew(make_shared<KeyMatrixState>(
                time, row, press, release));
}
 
/*
 * @return True iff a release event for the CODE/KANA key must be scheduled.
 */
bool Keyboard::processQueuedEvent(const Event& event, EmuTime::param time)
{
        auto& keyEvent = checked_cast<const KeyEvent&>(event);
        bool down = event.getType() == OPENMSX_KEY_DOWN_EVENT;
        auto key = static_cast<Keys::KeyCode>(
                int(keyEvent.getKeyCode()) & int(Keys::K_MASK));
        if (down) {
                // TODO: refactor debug(...) method to expect a std::string and then adapt
                // all invocations of it to provide a properly formatted string, using the C++
                // features for it.
                // Once that is done, debug(...) can pass the c_str() version of that string
                // to ad_printf(...) so that I don't have to make an explicit ad_printf(...)
                // invocation for each debug(...) invocation
                ad_printf("Key pressed, unicode: 0x%04x, keyCode: 0x%05x, keyName: %s\n",
                      keyEvent.getUnicode(),
                      keyEvent.getKeyCode(),
                      Keys::getName(keyEvent.getKeyCode()).c_str());
                debug("Key pressed, unicode: 0x%04x, keyCode: 0x%05x, keyName: %s\n",
                      keyEvent.getUnicode(),
                      keyEvent.getKeyCode(),
                      Keys::getName(keyEvent.getKeyCode()).c_str());
        } else {
                ad_printf("Key released, keyCode: 0x%05x, keyName: %s\n",
                      keyEvent.getKeyCode(),
                      Keys::getName(keyEvent.getKeyCode()).c_str());
                debug("Key released, keyCode: 0x%05x, keyName: %s\n",
                      keyEvent.getKeyCode(),
                      Keys::getName(keyEvent.getKeyCode()).c_str());
        }
 
        // Process deadkeys.
        if (keyboardSettings.getMappingMode() == KeyboardSettings::CHARACTER_MAPPING) {
                for (unsigned n = 0; n < 3; n++) {
                        if (key == keyboardSettings.getDeadkeyHostKey(n)) {
                                UnicodeKeymap::KeyInfo deadkey = unicodeKeymap.getDeadkey(n);
                                if (deadkey.isValid()) {
                                        updateKeyMatrix(time, down, deadkey.pos);
                                        return false;
                                }
                        }
                }
        }
 
        if (key == Keys::K_CAPSLOCK) {
                processCapslockEvent(time, down);
                return false;
        } else if (key == keyboardSettings.getCodeKanaHostKey()) {
                processCodeKanaChange(time, down);
                return false;
        } else if (key == Keys::K_LALT) {
                processGraphChange(time, down);
                return false;
        } else if (key == Keys::K_KP_ENTER) {
                processKeypadEnterKey(time, down);
                return false;
        } else {
                return processKeyEvent(time, down, keyEvent);
        }
}
 
/*
 * Process a change (up or down event) of the CODE/KANA key
 * It presses or releases the key in the MSX keyboard matrix
 * and changes the kanalock state in case of a press
 */
void Keyboard::processCodeKanaChange(EmuTime::param time, bool down)
{
        if (down) {
                locksOn ^= KeyInfo::CODE_MASK;
        }
        updateKeyMatrix(time, down, modifierPos[KeyInfo::CODE]);
}
 
/*
 * Process a change (up or down event) of the GRAPH key
 * It presses or releases the key in the MSX keyboard matrix
 * and changes the graphlock state in case of a press
 */
void Keyboard::processGraphChange(EmuTime::param time, bool down)
{
        if (down) {
                locksOn ^= KeyInfo::GRAPH_MASK;
        }
        updateKeyMatrix(time, down, modifierPos[KeyInfo::GRAPH]);
}
 
/*
 * Process a change (up or down event) of the CAPSLOCK key
 * It presses or releases the key in the MSX keyboard matrix
 * and changes the capslock state in case of a press
 */
void Keyboard::processCapslockEvent(EmuTime::param time, bool down)
{
        debug("Changing CAPS lock state according to SDL request\n");
        if (down) {
                locksOn ^= KeyInfo::CAPS_MASK;
        }
        updateKeyMatrix(time, down, modifierPos[KeyInfo::CAPS]);
}
 
void Keyboard::processKeypadEnterKey(EmuTime::param time, bool down)
{
        if (!hasKeypad && !keyboardSettings.getAlwaysEnableKeypad()) {
                // User entered on host keypad but this MSX model does not have one
                // Ignore the keypress/release
                return;
        }
        processSdlKey(time, down,
                keyboardSettings.getKpEnterMode() == KeyboardSettings::MSX_KP_COMMA
                ? Keys::K_KP_ENTER : Keys::K_RETURN);
}
 
/*
 * Process an SDL key press/release event. It concerns a
 * special key (e.g. SHIFT, UP, DOWN, F1, F2, ...) that can not
 * be unambiguously derived from a unicode character;
 *  Map the SDL key to an equivalent MSX key press/release event
 */
void Keyboard::processSdlKey(EmuTime::param time, bool down, Keys::KeyCode key)
{
        if (key < MAX_KEYSYM) {
                auto pos = keyTab[key];
                if (pos.isValid()) {
                        if (pos.getRow() == 11 && blockRow11) {
                                // do not process row 11 if we have no Yes/No keys
                                return;
                        }
                        updateKeyMatrix(time, down, pos);
                }
        }
}
 
/*
 * Update the MSX keyboard matrix
 */
void Keyboard::updateKeyMatrix(EmuTime::param time, bool down, KeyMatrixPosition pos)
{
        if (!pos.isValid()) {
                // No such key.
                return;
        }
        if (down) {
                pressKeyMatrixEvent(time, pos);
                // Keep track of the MSX modifiers.
                // The MSX modifiers sometimes get overruled by the unicode character
                // processing, in which case the unicode processing must be able to
                // restore them to the real key-combinations pressed by the user.
                for (unsigned i = 0; i < KeyInfo::NUM_MODIFIERS; i++) {
                        if (pos == modifierPos[i]) {
                                msxmodifiers &= ~(1 << i);
                        }
                }
        } else {
                releaseKeyMatrixEvent(time, pos);
                for (unsigned i = 0; i < KeyInfo::NUM_MODIFIERS; i++) {
                        if (pos == modifierPos[i]) {
                                msxmodifiers |= 1 << i;
                        }
                }
        }
}
 
/*
 * Process an SDL key event;
 *  Check if it is a special key, in which case it can be directly
 *  mapped to the MSX matrix.
 *  Otherwise, retrieve the unicode character value for the event
 *  and map the unicode character to the key-combination that must
 *  be pressed to generate the equivalent character on the MSX
 * @return True iff a release event for the CODE/KANA key must be scheduled.
 */
bool Keyboard::processKeyEvent(EmuTime::param time, bool down, const KeyEvent& keyEvent)
{
        Keys::KeyCode keyCode = keyEvent.getKeyCode();
        auto key = static_cast<Keys::KeyCode>(
                int(keyCode) & int(Keys::K_MASK));
        unsigned unicode;
 
        bool isOnKeypad = (
                (key >= Keys::K_KP0 && key <= Keys::K_KP9) ||
                (key == Keys::K_KP_PERIOD) ||
                (key == Keys::K_KP_DIVIDE) ||
                (key == Keys::K_KP_MULTIPLY) ||
                (key == Keys::K_KP_MINUS) ||
                (key == Keys::K_KP_PLUS));
 
        if (isOnKeypad && !hasKeypad &&
            !keyboardSettings.getAlwaysEnableKeypad()) {
                // User entered on host keypad but this MSX model does not have one
                // Ignore the keypress/release
                return false;
        }
 
        if (down) {
                UnicodeKeymap::KeyInfo keyInfo;
                if (isOnKeypad ||
                    keyboardSettings.getMappingMode() == KeyboardSettings::KEY_MAPPING) {
                        // User entered a key on numeric keypad or the driver is in KEY
                        // mapping mode.
                        // First option (keypad) maps to same unicode as some other key
                        // combinations (e.g. digit on main keyboard or TAB/DEL).
                        // Use unicode to handle the more common combination and use direct
                        // matrix to matrix mapping for the exceptional cases (keypad).
                        unicode = 0;
#if defined(__APPLE__)
                } else if ((keyCode & (Keys::K_MASK | Keys::KM_META))
                                == (Keys::K_I | Keys::KM_META)) {
                        // Apple keyboards don't have an Insert key, use Cmd+I as an alternative.
                        keyCode = key = Keys::K_INSERT;
                        unicode = 0;
#endif
                } else {
                        unicode = keyEvent.getUnicode();
                        if ((unicode < 0x20) || ((0x7F <= unicode) && (unicode < 0xA0))) {
                                // Control character in C0 or C1 range.
                                // Use SDL's interpretation instead.
                                unicode = 0;
                        } else if (utf8::is_pua(unicode)) {
                                // Code point in Private Use Area: undefined by Unicode,
                                // so we rely on SDL's interpretation instead.
                                // For example the Mac's cursor keys are in this range.
                                unicode = 0;
                        } else {
                                keyInfo = unicodeKeymap.get(unicode);
                                if (!keyInfo.isValid()) {
                                        // Unicode does not exist in our mapping; try to process
                                        // the key using its keycode instead.
                                        unicode = 0;
                                }
                        }
                }
                if (key < MAX_KEYSYM) {
                        // Remember which unicode character is currently derived
                        // from this SDL key. It must be stored here (during key-press)
                        // because during key-release SDL never returns the unicode
                        // value (it always returns the value 0). But we must know
                        // the unicode value in order to be able to perform the correct
                        // key-combination-release in the MSX
                        dynKeymap[key] = unicode;
                } else {
                        // Unexpectedly high key-code. Can't store the unicode
                        // character for this key. Instead directly treat the key
                        // via matrix to matrix mapping
                        unicode = 0;
                }
                if (unicode == 0) {
                        // It was an ambiguous key (numeric key-pad, CTRL+character)
                        // or a special key according to SDL (like HOME, INSERT, etc)
                        // or a first keystroke of a composed key
                        // (e.g. altr-gr + = on azerty keyboard) or driver is in
                        // direct SDL mapping mode:
                        // Perform direct SDL matrix to MSX matrix mapping
                        // But only when it is not a first keystroke of a
                        // composed key
                        if ((keyCode & Keys::KM_MODE) == 0) {
                                processSdlKey(time, down, key);
                        }
                        return false;
                } else {
                        // It is a unicode character; map it to the right key-combination
                        return pressUnicodeByUser(time, keyInfo, unicode, true);
                }
        } else {
                // key was released
#if defined(__APPLE__)
                if ((keyCode & (Keys::K_MASK | Keys::KM_META))
                                == (Keys::K_I | Keys::KM_META)) {
                        keyCode = key = Keys::K_INSERT;
                }
#endif
                if (key < MAX_KEYSYM) {
                        unicode = dynKeymap[key]; // Get the unicode that was derived from this key
                } else {
                        unicode = 0;
                }
                if (unicode == 0) {
                        // It was a special key, perform matrix to matrix mapping
                        // But only when it is not a first keystroke of a
                        // composed key
                        if ((keyCode & Keys::KM_MODE) == 0) {
                                processSdlKey(time, down, key);
                        }
                } else {
                        // It was a unicode character; map it to the right key-combination
                        pressUnicodeByUser(time, unicodeKeymap.get(unicode), unicode, false);
                }
                return false;
        }
}
 
void Keyboard::processCmd(Interpreter& interp, span<const TclObject> tokens, bool up)
{
        unsigned row  = tokens[1].getInt(interp);
        unsigned mask = tokens[2].getInt(interp);
        if (row >= KeyMatrixPosition::NUM_ROWS) {
                throw CommandException("Invalid row");
        }
        if (mask >= 256) {
                throw CommandException("Invalid mask");
        }
        if (up) {
                cmdKeyMatrix[row] |= mask;
        } else {
                cmdKeyMatrix[row] &= ~mask;
        }
        keysChanged = true;
}
 
/*
 * This routine processes unicode characters. It maps a unicode character
 * to the correct key-combination on the MSX.
 *
 * There are a few caveats with respect to the MSX and Host modifier keys
 * that you must be aware about if you want to understand why the routine
 * works as it works.
 *
 * Row 6 of the MSX keyboard matrix contains the MSX modifier keys:
 *   CTRL, CODE, GRAPH and SHIFT
 *
 * The SHIFT key is also a modifier key on the host machine. However, the
 * SHIFT key behaviour can differ between HOST and MSX for all 'special'
 * characters (anything but A-Z).
 * For example, on AZERTY host keyboard, user presses SHIFT+& to make the '1'
 * On MSX QWERTY keyboard, the same key-combination leads to '!'.
 * So this routine must not only PRESS the SHIFT key when required according
 * to the unicode mapping table but it must also RELEASE the SHIFT key for all
 * these special keys when the user PRESSES the key/character.
 *
 * On the other hand, for A-Z, this routine must not touch the SHIFT key at all.
 * Otherwise it might give strange behaviour when CAPS lock is on (which also
 * acts as a key-modifier for A-Z). The routine can rely on the fact that
 * SHIFT+A-Z behaviour is the same on all host and MSX keyboards. It is
 * approximately the only part of keyboards that is de-facto standardized :-)
 *
 * For the other modifiers (CTRL, CODE and GRAPH), the routine must be able to
 * PRESS them when required but there is no need to RELEASE them during
 * character press. On the contrary; the host keys that map to CODE and GRAPH
 * do not work as modifiers on the host itself, so if the routine would release
 * them, it would give wrong result.
 * For example, 'ALT-A' on Host will lead to unicode character 'a', just like
 * only pressing the 'A' key. The MSX however must know about the difference.
 *
 * As a reminder: here is the build-up of row 6 of the MSX key matrix
 *              7    6     5     4    3      2     1    0
 * row  6   |  F3 |  F2 |  F1 | code| caps|graph| ctrl|shift|
 */
bool Keyboard::pressUnicodeByUser(
                EmuTime::param time, UnicodeKeymap::KeyInfo keyInfo, unsigned unicode,
                bool down)
{
        bool insertCodeKanaRelease = false;
        if (down) {
                if ((needsLockToggle(keyInfo) & KeyInfo::CODE_MASK) &&
                                keyboardSettings.getAutoToggleCodeKanaLock()) {
                        // Code Kana locks, is in wrong state and must be auto-toggled:
                        // Toggle it by pressing the lock key and scheduling a
                        // release event
                        locksOn ^= KeyInfo::CODE_MASK;
                        pressKeyMatrixEvent(time, modifierPos[KeyInfo::CODE]);
                        insertCodeKanaRelease = true;
                } else {
                        // Press the character key and related modifiers
                        // Ignore the CODE key in case that Code Kana locks
                        // (e.g. do not press it).
                        // Ignore the GRAPH key in case that Graph locks
                        // Always ignore CAPSLOCK mask (assume that user will
                        // use real CAPS lock to switch/ between hiragana and
                        // katanana on japanese model)
                        pressKeyMatrixEvent(time, keyInfo.pos);
 
                        byte modmask = keyInfo.modmask & ~modifierIsLock;
                        if (('A' <= unicode && unicode <= 'Z') || ('a' <= unicode && unicode <= 'z')) {
                                // For a-z and A-Z, leave SHIFT unchanged, this to cater
                                // for difference in behaviour between host and emulated
                                // machine with respect to how the combination of CAPSLOCK
                                // and SHIFT is interpreted for these characters.
                                modmask &= ~KeyInfo::SHIFT_MASK;
                        } else {
                                // Release SHIFT if our character does not require it.
                                if (~modmask & KeyInfo::SHIFT_MASK) {
                                        releaseKeyMatrixEvent(time, modifierPos[KeyInfo::SHIFT]);
                                }
                        }
                        // Press required modifiers for our character.
                        // Note that these modifiers are only pressed, never released.
                        for (unsigned i = 0; i < KeyInfo::NUM_MODIFIERS; i++) {
                                if ((modmask >> i) & 1) {
                                        pressKeyMatrixEvent(time, modifierPos[i]);
                                }
                        }
                }
        } else {
                releaseKeyMatrixEvent(time, keyInfo.pos);
 
                // Restore non-lock modifier keys.
                for (unsigned i = 0; i < KeyInfo::NUM_MODIFIERS; i++) {
                        if (!((modifierIsLock >> i) & 1)) {
                                // Do not simply unpress graph, ctrl, code and shift but
                                // restore them to the values currently pressed by the user.
                                if ((msxmodifiers >> i) & 1) {
                                        releaseKeyMatrixEvent(time, modifierPos[i]);
                                } else {
                                        pressKeyMatrixEvent(time, modifierPos[i]);
                                }
                        }
                }
        }
        keysChanged = true;
        return insertCodeKanaRelease;
}
 
/*
 * Press an ASCII character. It is used by the 'Insert characters'
 * function that is exposed to the console.
 * The characters are inserted in a separate keyboard matrix, to prevent
 * interference with the keypresses of the user on the MSX itself.
 *
 * @returns:
 *   zero  : handling this character is done
 * non-zero: typing this character needs additional actions
 *    bits 0-4: release these modifiers and call again
 *    bit   7 : simply call again (used by SHIFT+GRAPH heuristic)
 */
int Keyboard::pressAscii(unsigned unicode, bool down)
{
        int releaseMask = 0;
        UnicodeKeymap::KeyInfo keyInfo = unicodeKeymap.get(unicode);
        if (!keyInfo.isValid()) {
                return releaseMask;
        }
        byte modmask = keyInfo.modmask & ~modifierIsLock;
        if (down) {
                // check for modifier toggles
                byte toggleLocks = needsLockToggle(keyInfo);
                for (unsigned i = 0; i < KeyInfo::NUM_MODIFIERS; i++) {
                        if ((toggleLocks >> i) & 1) {
                                debug("Toggling lock %d\n", i);
                                locksOn ^= 1 << i;
                                releaseMask |= 1 << i;
                                auto lockPos = modifierPos[i];
                                typeKeyMatrix[lockPos.getRow()] &= ~lockPos.getMask();
                        }
                }
                if (releaseMask == 0) {
                        debug("Key pasted, unicode: 0x%04x, row: %02d, col: %d, modmask: %02x\n",
                              unicode, keyInfo.pos.getRow(), keyInfo.pos.getColumn(), modmask);
                        // Workaround MSX-BIOS(?) bug/limitation:
                        //
                        // Under these conditions:
                        // - Typing a graphical MSX character 00-1F (such a char 'x' gets
                        //   printed as chr$(1) followed by chr$(x+64)).
                        // - Typing this character requires pressing SHIFT+GRAPH and one
                        //   'regular' key.
                        // - And all 3 keys are immediately pressed simultaneously.
                        // Then, from time to time, instead of the intended character 'x'
                        // (00-1F), the wrong character 'x+64' gets printed.
                        // When first SHIFT+GRAPH is pressed, and only one frame later the
                        // other keys is pressed (additionally), this problem seems to
                        // disappear.
                        //
                        // After implementing the above we found that a similar problem
                        // occurs when:
                        // - a GRAPH + <x> (without SHIFT) key combo is typed
                        // - immediately after a key combo with GRAPH + SHIFT + <x>.
                        // For example:
                        //   type "\u2666\u266a"
                        // from time to time 2nd character got wrongly typed as a
                        // 'M' (instead of a musical note symbol). But typing a sequence
                        // of \u266a chars without a preceding \u2666 just works.
                        //
                        // To fix both these problems (and possibly still undiscovered
                        // variations), I'm now extending the workaround to all characters
                        // that are typed via a key combination that includes GRAPH.
                        if (modmask & KeyInfo::GRAPH_MASK) {
                                auto isPressed = [&](auto& key) {
                                        return (typeKeyMatrix[key.getRow()] & key.getMask()) == 0;
                                };
                                if (!isPressed(modifierPos[KeyInfo::GRAPH])) {
                                        // GRAPH not yet pressed ->
                                        //  first press it before adding the non-modifier key
                                        releaseMask = TRY_AGAIN;
                                }
                        }
                        // press modifiers
                        for (unsigned i = 0; i < KeyInfo::NUM_MODIFIERS; i++) {
                                if ((modmask >> i) & 1) {
                                        auto modPos = modifierPos[i];
                                        typeKeyMatrix[modPos.getRow()] &= ~modPos.getMask();
                                }
                        }
                        if (releaseMask == 0) {
                                // press key
                                typeKeyMatrix[keyInfo.pos.getRow()] &= ~keyInfo.pos.getMask();
                        }
                }
        } else {
                typeKeyMatrix[keyInfo.pos.getRow()] |= keyInfo.pos.getMask();
                for (unsigned i = 0; i < KeyInfo::NUM_MODIFIERS; i++) {
                        if ((modmask >> i) & 1) {
                                auto modPos = modifierPos[i];
                                typeKeyMatrix[modPos.getRow()] |= modPos.getMask();
                        }
                }
        }
        keysChanged = true;
        return releaseMask;
}
 
/*
 * Press a lock key. It is used by the 'Insert characters'
 * function that is exposed to the console.
 * The characters are inserted in a separate keyboard matrix, to prevent
 * interference with the keypresses of the user on the MSX itself
 */
void Keyboard::pressLockKeys(byte lockKeysMask, bool down)
{
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < KeyInfo::NUM_MODIFIERS; i++) {
                if ((lockKeysMask >> i) & 1) {
                        auto lockPos = modifierPos[i];
                        if (down) {
                                // press lock key
                                typeKeyMatrix[lockPos.getRow()] &= ~lockPos.getMask();
                        } else {
                                // release lock key
                                typeKeyMatrix[lockPos.getRow()] |= lockPos.getMask();
                        }
                }
        }
        keysChanged = true;
}
 
/*
 * Check if there are common keys in the MSX matrix for
 * two different unicodes.
 * It is used by the 'insert keys' function to determine if it has to wait for
 * a short while after releasing a key (to enter a certain character) before
 * pressing the next key (to enter the next character)
 */
bool Keyboard::commonKeys(unsigned unicode1, unsigned unicode2)
{
        // get row / mask of key (note: ignore modifier mask)
        auto keyPos1 = unicodeKeymap.get(unicode1).pos;
        auto keyPos2 = unicodeKeymap.get(unicode2).pos;
 
        return keyPos1 == keyPos2 && keyPos1.isValid();
}
 
void Keyboard::debug(const char* format, ...)
{
        if (keyboardSettings.getTraceKeyPresses()) {
                va_list args;
                va_start(args, format);
                vfprintf(stderr, format, args);
                va_end(args);
        }
}
 
 
// class KeyMatrixUpCmd
 
Keyboard::KeyMatrixUpCmd::KeyMatrixUpCmd(
                CommandController& commandController_,
                StateChangeDistributor& stateChangeDistributor_,
                Scheduler& scheduler_)
        : RecordedCommand(commandController_, stateChangeDistributor_,
                scheduler_, "keymatrixup")
{
}
 
void Keyboard::KeyMatrixUpCmd::execute(
        span<const TclObject> tokens, TclObject& /*result*/, EmuTime::param /*time*/)
{
        checkNumArgs(tokens, 3, Prefix{1}, "row mask");
        auto& keyboard = OUTER(Keyboard, keyMatrixUpCmd);
        return keyboard.processCmd(getInterpreter(), tokens, true);
}
 
string Keyboard::KeyMatrixUpCmd::help(const vector<string>& /*tokens*/) const
{
        static const string helpText =
                "keymatrixup <row> <bitmask>  release a key in the keyboardmatrix\n";
        return helpText;
}
 
 
// class KeyMatrixDownCmd
 
Keyboard::KeyMatrixDownCmd::KeyMatrixDownCmd(CommandController& commandController_,
                StateChangeDistributor& stateChangeDistributor_,
                Scheduler& scheduler_)
        : RecordedCommand(commandController_, stateChangeDistributor_,
                scheduler_, "keymatrixdown")
{
}
 
void Keyboard::KeyMatrixDownCmd::execute(span<const TclObject> tokens,
                                         TclObject& /*result*/, EmuTime::param /*time*/)
{
        checkNumArgs(tokens, 3, Prefix{1}, "row mask");
        auto& keyboard = OUTER(Keyboard, keyMatrixDownCmd);
        return keyboard.processCmd(getInterpreter(), tokens, false);
}
 
string Keyboard::KeyMatrixDownCmd::help(const vector<string>& /*tokens*/) const
{
        static const string helpText =
                "keymatrixdown <row> <bitmask>  press a key in the keyboardmatrix\n";
        return helpText;
}
 
 
// class MsxKeyEventQueue
 
Keyboard::MsxKeyEventQueue::MsxKeyEventQueue(
                Scheduler& scheduler_, Interpreter& interp_)
        : Schedulable(scheduler_)
        , interp(interp_)
{
}
 
void Keyboard::MsxKeyEventQueue::process_asap(
        EmuTime::param time, const shared_ptr<const Event>& event)
{
        bool processImmediately = eventQueue.empty();
        eventQueue.push_back(event);
        if (processImmediately) {
                executeUntil(time);
        }
}
 
void Keyboard::MsxKeyEventQueue::clear()
{
        eventQueue.clear();
        removeSyncPoint();
}
 
void Keyboard::MsxKeyEventQueue::executeUntil(EmuTime::param time)
{
        // Get oldest event from the queue and process it
        shared_ptr<const Event> event = eventQueue.front();
        auto& keyboard = OUTER(Keyboard, msxKeyEventQueue);
        bool insertCodeKanaRelease = keyboard.processQueuedEvent(*event, time);
 
        if (insertCodeKanaRelease) {
                // The processor pressed the CODE/KANA key
                // Schedule a CODE/KANA release event, to be processed
                // before any of the other events in the queue
                eventQueue.push_front(make_shared<KeyUpEvent>(
                        keyboard.keyboardSettings.getCodeKanaHostKey()));
        } else {
                // The event has been completely processed. Delete it from the queue
                if (!eventQueue.empty()) {
                        eventQueue.pop_front();
                } else {
                        // it's possible clear() has been called
                        // (indirectly from keyboard.processQueuedEvent())
                }
        }
 
        if (!eventQueue.empty()) {
                // There are still events. Process them in 1/15s from now
                setSyncPoint(time + EmuDuration::hz(15));
        }
}
 
 
// class KeyInserter
 
Keyboard::KeyInserter::KeyInserter(
                CommandController& commandController_,
                StateChangeDistributor& stateChangeDistributor_,
                Scheduler& scheduler_)
        : RecordedCommand(commandController_, stateChangeDistributor_,
                scheduler_, "type_via_keyboard")
        , Schedulable(scheduler_)
        , lockKeysMask(0)
        , releaseLast(false)
{
        // avoid UMR
        last = 0;
        oldLocksOn = 0;
        releaseBeforePress = false;
        typingFrequency = 15;
}
 
void Keyboard::KeyInserter::execute(
        span<const TclObject> tokens, TclObject& /*result*/, EmuTime::param /*time*/)
{
        checkNumArgs(tokens, AtLeast{2}, "?-release? ?-freq hz? text");
 
        releaseBeforePress = false;
        typingFrequency = 15;
 
        // for full backwards compatibility: one option means type it...
        if (tokens.size() == 2) {
                type(tokens[1].getString());
                return;
        }
 
        ArgsInfo info[] = {
                flagArg("-release", releaseBeforePress),
                valueArg("-freq", typingFrequency),
        };
        auto arguments = parseTclArgs(getInterpreter(), tokens.subspan(1), info);
 
        if (typingFrequency <= 0) {
                throw CommandException("Wrong argument for -freq (should be a positive number)");
        }
        if (arguments.size() != 1) throw SyntaxError();
 
        type(arguments[0].getString());
}
 
string Keyboard::KeyInserter::help(const vector<string>& /*tokens*/) const
{
        static const string helpText = "Type a string in the emulated MSX.\n" \
                "Use -release to make sure the keys are always released before typing new ones (necessary for some game input routines, but in general, this means typing is twice as slow).\n" \
                "Use -freq to tweak how fast typing goes and how long the keys will be pressed (and released in case -release was used). Keys will be typed at the given frequency and will remain pressed/released for 1/freq seconds";
        return helpText;
}
 
void Keyboard::KeyInserter::tabCompletion(vector<string>& tokens) const
{
        vector<const char*> options;
        if (!contains(tokens, "-release")) {
                options.push_back("-release");
        }
        if (!contains(tokens, "-freq")) {
                options.push_back("-freq");
        }
        completeString(tokens, options);
}
 
void Keyboard::KeyInserter::type(std::string_view str)
{
        if (str.empty()) {
                return;
        }
        auto& keyboard = OUTER(Keyboard, keyTypeCmd);
        oldLocksOn = keyboard.locksOn;
        if (text_utf8.empty()) {
                reschedule(getCurrentTime());
        }
        text_utf8.append(str.data(), str.size());
}
 
void Keyboard::KeyInserter::executeUntil(EmuTime::param time)
{
        auto& keyboard = OUTER(Keyboard, keyTypeCmd);
        if (lockKeysMask != 0) {
                // release CAPS and/or Code/Kana Lock keys
                keyboard.pressLockKeys(lockKeysMask, false);
        }
        if (releaseLast) {
                keyboard.pressAscii(last, false); // release previous character
        }
        if (text_utf8.empty()) {
                releaseLast = false;
                keyboard.debug("Restoring locks: %02X -> %02X\n", keyboard.locksOn, oldLocksOn);
                auto diff = oldLocksOn ^ keyboard.locksOn;
                lockKeysMask = diff;
                if (diff != 0) {
                        // press CAPS, GRAPH and/or Code/Kana Lock keys
                        keyboard.locksOn ^= diff;
                        keyboard.pressLockKeys(diff, true);
                        reschedule(time);
                }
                return;
        }
 
        try {
                auto it = begin(text_utf8);
                unsigned current = utf8::next(it, end(text_utf8));
                if (releaseLast && (releaseBeforePress || keyboard.commonKeys(last, current))) {
                        // There are common keys between previous and current character
                        // Do not immediately press again but give MSX the time to notice
                        // that the keys have been released
                        releaseLast = false;
                } else {
                        // All keys in current char differ from previous char. The new keys
                        // can immediately be pressed
                        lockKeysMask = keyboard.pressAscii(current, true);
                        if (lockKeysMask == 0) {
                                last = current;
                                releaseLast = true;
                                text_utf8.erase(begin(text_utf8), it);
                        } else if (lockKeysMask & TRY_AGAIN) {
                                lockKeysMask &= ~TRY_AGAIN;
                                releaseLast = false;
                        } else if (releaseBeforePress) {
                                releaseLast = true;
                        }
                }
                reschedule(time);
        } catch (std::exception&) {
                // utf8 encoding error
                text_utf8.clear();
        }
}
 
void Keyboard::KeyInserter::reschedule(EmuTime::param time)
{
        setSyncPoint(time + EmuDuration::hz(typingFrequency));
}
 
/*
 * class CapsLockAligner
 *
 * It is used to align MSX CAPS lock status with the host CAPS lock status
 * during the reset of the MSX or after the openMSX window regains focus.
 *
 * It listens to the 'BOOT' event and schedules the real alignment
 * 2 seconds later. Reason is that it takes a while before the MSX
 * reset routine starts monitoring the MSX keyboard.
 *
 * For focus regain, the alignment is done immediately.
 */
Keyboard::CapsLockAligner::CapsLockAligner(
                EventDistributor& eventDistributor_,
                Scheduler& scheduler_)
        : Schedulable(scheduler_)
        , eventDistributor(eventDistributor_)
{
        state = IDLE;
        eventDistributor.registerEventListener(OPENMSX_BOOT_EVENT,  *this);
        eventDistributor.registerEventListener(OPENMSX_FOCUS_EVENT, *this);
}
 
Keyboard::CapsLockAligner::~CapsLockAligner()
{
        eventDistributor.unregisterEventListener(OPENMSX_FOCUS_EVENT, *this);
        eventDistributor.unregisterEventListener(OPENMSX_BOOT_EVENT,  *this);
}
 
int Keyboard::CapsLockAligner::signalEvent(const shared_ptr<const Event>& event)
{
        if (state == IDLE) {
                EmuTime::param time = getCurrentTime();
                EventType type = event->getType();
                if (type == OPENMSX_FOCUS_EVENT) {
                        alignCapsLock(time);
                } else if (type == OPENMSX_BOOT_EVENT) {
                        state = MUST_ALIGN_CAPSLOCK;
                        setSyncPoint(time + EmuDuration::sec(2)); // 2s (MSX time)
                } else {
                        UNREACHABLE;
                }
        }
        return 0;
}
 
void Keyboard::CapsLockAligner::executeUntil(EmuTime::param time)
{
        switch (state) {
                case MUST_ALIGN_CAPSLOCK:
                        alignCapsLock(time);
                        break;
                case MUST_DISTRIBUTE_KEY_RELEASE: {
                        auto& keyboard = OUTER(Keyboard, capsLockAligner);
                        auto event = make_shared<KeyUpEvent>(Keys::K_CAPSLOCK);
                        keyboard.msxEventDistributor.distributeEvent(event, time);
                        state = IDLE;
                        break;
                }
                default:
                        UNREACHABLE;
        }
}
 
/*
 * Align MSX caps lock state with host caps lock state
 * WARNING: This function assumes that the MSX will see and
 *          process the caps lock key press.
 *          If MSX misses the key press for whatever reason (e.g.
 *          interrupts are disabled), the caps lock state in this
 *          module will mismatch with the real MSX caps lock state
 * TODO: Find a solution for the above problem. For example by monitoring
 *       the MSX caps-lock LED state.
 */
void Keyboard::CapsLockAligner::alignCapsLock(EmuTime::param time)
{
        bool hostCapsLockOn = ((SDL_GetModState() & KMOD_CAPS) != 0);
        auto& keyboard = OUTER(Keyboard, capsLockAligner);
        if (bool(keyboard.locksOn & KeyInfo::CAPS_MASK) != hostCapsLockOn) {
                keyboard.debug("Resyncing host and MSX CAPS lock\n");
                // note: send out another event iso directly calling
                // processCapslockEvent() because we want this to be recorded
                auto event = make_shared<KeyDownEvent>(Keys::K_CAPSLOCK);
                keyboard.msxEventDistributor.distributeEvent(event, time);
                keyboard.debug("Sending fake CAPS release\n");
                state = MUST_DISTRIBUTE_KEY_RELEASE;
                setSyncPoint(time + EmuDuration::hz(10)); // 0.1s (MSX time)
        } else {
                state = IDLE;
        }
}
 
 
// class KeybDebuggable
 
Keyboard::KeybDebuggable::KeybDebuggable(MSXMotherBoard& motherBoard_)
        : SimpleDebuggable(motherBoard_, "keymatrix", "MSX Keyboard Matrix",
                           KeyMatrixPosition::NUM_ROWS)
{
}
 
byte Keyboard::KeybDebuggable::read(unsigned address)
{
        auto& keyboard = OUTER(Keyboard, keybDebuggable);
        return keyboard.getKeys()[address];
}
 
void Keyboard::KeybDebuggable::write(unsigned /*address*/, byte /*value*/)
{
        // ignore
}
 
 
template<typename Archive>
void Keyboard::KeyInserter::serialize(Archive& ar, unsigned /*version*/)
{
        ar.template serializeBase<Schedulable>(*this);
        ar.serialize("text", text_utf8,
                     "last", last,
                     "lockKeysMask", lockKeysMask,
                     "releaseLast", releaseLast);
 
        bool oldCodeKanaLockOn, oldGraphLockOn, oldCapsLockOn;
        if (!ar.isLoader()) {
                oldCodeKanaLockOn = oldLocksOn & KeyInfo::CODE_MASK;
                oldGraphLockOn = oldLocksOn & KeyInfo::GRAPH_MASK;
                oldCapsLockOn = oldLocksOn & KeyInfo::CAPS_MASK;
        }
        ar.serialize("oldCodeKanaLockOn", oldCodeKanaLockOn,
                     "oldGraphLockOn",    oldGraphLockOn,
                     "oldCapsLockOn",     oldCapsLockOn);
        if (ar.isLoader()) {
                oldLocksOn = (oldCodeKanaLockOn ? KeyInfo::CODE_MASK : 0)
                           | (oldGraphLockOn ? KeyInfo::GRAPH_MASK : 0)
                           | (oldCapsLockOn ? KeyInfo::CAPS_MASK : 0);
        }
}
 
// version 1: Initial version: {userKeyMatrix, dynKeymap, msxmodifiers,
//            msxKeyEventQueue} was intentionally not serialized. The reason
//            was that after a loadstate, you want the MSX keyboard to reflect
//            the state of the host keyboard. So any pressed MSX keys from the
//            time the savestate was created are cleared.
// version 2: For reverse-replay it is important that snapshots contain the
//            full state of the MSX keyboard, so now we do serialize it.
// version 3: split cmdKeyMatrix into cmdKeyMatrix + typeKeyMatrix
// TODO Is the assumption in version 1 correct (clear keyb state on load)?
//      If it is still useful for 'regular' loadstate, then we could implement
//      it by explicitly clearing the keyb state from the actual loadstate
//      command. (But let's only do this when experience shows it's really
//      better).
template<typename Archive>
void Keyboard::serialize(Archive& ar, unsigned version)
{
        ar.serialize("keyTypeCmd", keyTypeCmd,
                     "cmdKeyMatrix", cmdKeyMatrix);
        if (ar.versionAtLeast(version, 3)) {
                ar.serialize("typeKeyMatrix", typeKeyMatrix);
        } else {
                ranges::copy(cmdKeyMatrix, typeKeyMatrix);
        }
 
        bool msxCapsLockOn, msxCodeKanaLockOn, msxGraphLockOn;
        if (!ar.isLoader()) {
                msxCapsLockOn = locksOn & KeyInfo::CAPS_MASK;
                msxCodeKanaLockOn = locksOn & KeyInfo::CODE_MASK;
                msxGraphLockOn = locksOn & KeyInfo::GRAPH_MASK;
        }
        ar.serialize("msxCapsLockOn",     msxCapsLockOn,
                     "msxCodeKanaLockOn", msxCodeKanaLockOn,
                     "msxGraphLockOn",    msxGraphLockOn);
        if (ar.isLoader()) {
                locksOn = (msxCapsLockOn ? KeyInfo::CAPS_MASK : 0)
                        | (msxCodeKanaLockOn ? KeyInfo::CODE_MASK : 0)
                        | (msxGraphLockOn ? KeyInfo::GRAPH_MASK : 0);
        }
 
        if (ar.versionAtLeast(version, 2)) {
                ar.serialize("userKeyMatrix",    userKeyMatrix,
                             "dynKeymap",        dynKeymap,
                             "msxmodifiers",     msxmodifiers,
                             "msxKeyEventQueue", msxKeyEventQueue);
        }
        // don't serialize hostKeyMatrix
 
        if (ar.isLoader()) {
                // force recalculation of keyMatrix
                keysChanged = true;
        }
}
INSTANTIATE_SERIALIZE_METHODS(Keyboard);
 
template<typename Archive>
void Keyboard::MsxKeyEventQueue::serialize(Archive& ar, unsigned /*version*/)
{
        ar.template serializeBase<Schedulable>(*this);
 
        // serialization of deque<shared_ptr<const Event>> is not directly
        // supported by the serialization framework (main problem is the
        // constness, collections of shared_ptr to polymorhpic objects are
        // not a problem). Worked around this by serializing the events in
        // ascii format. (In all practical cases this queue will anyway be
        // empty or contain very few elements).
        //ar.serialize("eventQueue", eventQueue);
        vector<string> eventStrs;
        if (!ar.isLoader()) {
                eventStrs = to_vector(view::transform(
                        eventQueue, [](auto& e) { return e->toString(); }));
        }
        ar.serialize("eventQueue", eventStrs);
        if (ar.isLoader()) {
                assert(eventQueue.empty());
                for (auto& s : eventStrs) {
                        eventQueue.push_back(
                                InputEventFactory::createInputEvent(s, interp));
                }
        }
}
INSTANTIATE_SERIALIZE_METHODS(Keyboard::MsxKeyEventQueue);
 
 
// Mapping from SDL keys to emulated keys, ordered by MatrixType
constexpr KeyMatrixPosition x = KeyMatrixPosition();
const KeyMatrixPosition Keyboard::keyTabs[][MAX_KEYSYM] = {
  {
// MSX Key-Matrix table
//
// row/bit  7     6     5     4     3     2     1     0
//       +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
//   0   |  7  |  6  |  5  |  4  |  3  |  2  |  1  |  0  |
//   1   |  ;  |  ]  |  [  |  \  |  =  |  -  |  9  |  8  |
//   2   |  B  |  A  | Acc |  /  |  .  |  ,  |  `  |  '  |
//   3   |  J  |  I  |  H  |  G  |  F  |  E  |  D  |  C  |
//   4   |  R  |  Q  |  P  |  O  |  N  |  M  |  L  |  K  |
//   5   |  Z  |  Y  |  X  |  W  |  V  |  U  |  T  |  S  |
//   6   |  F3 |  F2 |  F1 | code| caps|graph| ctrl|shift|
//   7   | ret |selec|  bs | stop| tab | esc |  F5 |  F4 |
//   8   |right| down|  up | left| del | ins | hom |space|
//   9   |  4  |  3  |  2  |  1  |  0  |  /  |  +  |  *  |
//  10   |  .  |  ,  |  -  |  9  |  8  |  7  |  6  |  5  |
//  11   |     |     |     |     | 'NO'|     |'YES'|     |
//       +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
// 0    1    2    3    4    5    6    7    8    9    a    b    c    d    e    f
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  ,0x75,0x73, x  , x  , x  ,0x77, x  , x  , //000
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  ,0x72, x  , x  , x  , x  , //010
  0x80, x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  ,0x20, x  , x  , x  , x  ,0x22,0x12,0x23,0x24, //020
  0x00,0x01,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x05,0x06,0x07,0x10,0x11, x  ,0x17, x  ,0x13, x  , x  , //030
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //040
   x  ,0x84,0x85,0x87,0x86, x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  ,0x15,0x14,0x16, x  , x  , //050
  0x21,0x26,0x27,0x30,0x31,0x32,0x33,0x34,0x35,0x36,0x37,0x40,0x41,0x42,0x43,0x44, //060
  0x45,0x46,0x47,0x50,0x51,0x52,0x53,0x54,0x55,0x56,0x57, x  , x  , x  , x  ,0x83, //070
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //080
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //090
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //0A0
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //0B0
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //0C0
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  ,0x81, x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //0D0
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //0E0
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //0F0
  0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0xA0,0xA1,0xA2,0xA3,0xA4,0xA7,0x92,0x90,0xA5,0x91,0xA6, //100
   x  ,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x84,0x82,0x81, x  , x  , x  ,0x65,0x66,0x67,0x70,0x71, x  , //110
  0x76,0x74, x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  ,0x60, //120
  0x60,0x25,0x61, x  , x  ,0xB3,0xB1,0xB3,0xB1,0xB1,0xB3, x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //130
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //140
  },
  {
// SVI Keyboard Matrix
//
// row/bit  7     6     5     4     3     2     1     0
//       +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
//   0   |  7  |  6  |  5  |  4  |  3  |  2  |  1  |  0  |
//   1   |  /  |  .  |  =  |  ,  |  '  |  :  |  9  |  8  |
//   2   |  G  |  F  |  E  |  D  |  C  |  B  |  A  |  -  |
//   3   |  O  |  N  |  M  |  L  |  K  |  J  |  I  |  H  |
//   4   |  W  |  V  |  U  |  T  |  S  |  R  |  Q  |  P  |
//   5   | UP  | BS  |  ]  |  \  |  [  |  Z  |  Y  |  X  |
//   6   |LEFT |ENTER|STOP | ESC |RGRAP|LGRAP|CTRL |SHIFT|
//   7   |DOWN | INS | CLS | F5  | F4  | F3  | F2  | F1  |
//   8   |RIGHT|     |PRINT| SEL |CAPS | DEL | TAB |SPACE|
//   9   |  7  |  6  |  5  |  4  |  3  |  2  |  1  |  0  |  Numerical keypad
//  10   |  ,  |  .  |  /  |  *  |  -  |  +  |  9  |  8  |   SVI-328 only
//       +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
// 0    1    2    3    4    5    6    7    8    9    a    b    c    d    e    f
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  ,0x56,0x81, x  , x  , x  ,0x66, x  , x  , //000
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  ,0x64, x  , x  , x  , x  , //010
  0x80, x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  ,0x20, x  , x  , x  , x  ,0x14,0x20,0x16,0x17, //020
  0x00,0x01,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x05,0x06,0x07,0x10,0x11,0x12, x  , x  ,0x15, x  , x  , //030
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //040
   x  ,0x67,0x57,0x87,0x77, x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  ,0x53,0x54,0x55, x  , x  , //050
   x  ,0x21,0x22,0x23,0x24,0x25,0x26,0x27,0x30,0x31,0x32,0x33,0x34,0x35,0x36,0x37, //060
  0x40,0x41,0x42,0x43,0x44,0x45,0x46,0x47,0x50,0x51,0x52, x  , x  , x  , x  ,0x82, //070
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //080
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //090
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //0A0
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //0B0
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //0C0
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //0D0
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //0E0
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //0F0
  0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0xA0,0xA1,0xA6,0xA5,0xA4,0xA3,0xA2,0xA7, //100
   x  ,0x57,0x77,0x87,0x67,0x76, x  , x  , x  , x  ,0x70,0x71,0x72,0x73,0x74, x  , //110
  0x75,0x65, x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  ,0x60, //120
  0x60, x  ,0x61, x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //130
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //140
  },
  {
// ColecoVision Joystick "Matrix"
//
// The hardware consists of 2 controllers that each have 2 triggers
// and a 12-key keypad. They're not actually connected in a matrix,
// but a ghosting-free matrix is the easiest way to model it in openMSX.
//
// row/bit  7     6     5     4     3     2     1     0
//       +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
//   0   |TRIGB|TRIGA|     |     |LEFT |DOWN |RIGHT| UP  |  controller 1
//   1   |TRIGB|TRIGA|     |     |LEFT |DOWN |RIGHT| UP  |  controller 2
//   2   |  7  |  6  |  5  |  4  |  3  |  2  |  1  |  0  |  controller 1
//   3   |     |     |     |     |  #  |  *  |  9  |  8  |  controller 1
//   4   |  7  |  6  |  5  |  4  |  3  |  2  |  1  |  0  |  controller 2
//   5   |     |     |     |     |  #  |  *  |  9  |  8  |  controller 2
//       +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
// 0    1    2    3    4    5    6    7    8    9    a    b    c    d    e    f
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //000
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //010
  0x06, x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  ,0x32, x  , x  , //020
  0x20,0x21,0x22,0x23,0x24,0x25,0x26,0x27,0x30,0x31, x  , x  , x  ,0x33, x  , x  , //030
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //040
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //050
   x  ,0x13,0x42, x  ,0x11, x  ,0x44,0x45,0x46, x  ,0x52, x  , x  ,0x53,0x43, x  , //060
   x  , x  ,0x47,0x12,0x50,0x40,0x41,0x10, x  ,0x51, x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //070
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //080
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //090
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //0A0
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //0B0
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //0C0
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //0D0
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //0E0
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //0F0
  0x20,0x21,0x22,0x23,0x24,0x25,0x26,0x27,0x30,0x31, x  ,0x33,0x32,0x32,0x33, x  , //100
   x  ,0x00,0x02,0x01,0x03, x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //110
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  ,0x07, //120
  0x17,0x06,0x16,0x07,0x07, x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //130
   x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , x  , //140
  }
};
 
} // namespace openmsx